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¿Por qué es necesario equipar las máquinas de forja con una unidad de control de la temperatura de refrigeración y calentamiento?

1.Mold Cooling: During the hot forging process, the mold repeatedly bears the impact and extrusion of high-temperature metal billets, resulting in a sharp increase in temperature. If not treated in a timely manner, it may lead to softening, deformation, and cracking of the mold material, affecting the lifespan of the mold and the quality of the forgings. The cooling system usually uses circulating cooling water, oil, or air to act directly on the surface of the mold through built-in cooling channels or external cooling nozzles, quickly removing heat and maintaining the mold at a suitable working temperature.

2.Workpiece preheating and insulation: For certain materials (such as high-strength steel, titanium alloy, etc.), preheating is required before forging to reduce their deformation resistance, improve plasticity and fluidity. Preheating is usually carried out inside the furnace, and heating equipment includes resistance furnaces, induction furnaces, etc. In addition, for continuous forging production lines, insulation devices (such as insulation covers and blankets) may be required during the transmission of workpieces to reduce heat loss and ensure that they are still at the appropriate forging temperature when reaching the forging position.

3.Mold Heating: In some cases, such as cold forging or warm forging, the mold may need to be preheated to a certain temperature to improve the fluidity of the metal and the friction conditions between the mold and the workpiece. Mold heating is usually achieved through electric heating elements (such as resistance wires, induction coils) or external heat sources (such as hot oil, hot air).

4.Local Heat Treatment: For certain forgings, local heat treatment (such as quenching and tempering) is required after forming to obtain the required mechanical properties. At this time, special local heating equipment (such as induction heater) and cooling devices (such as water spray, spray or immersion cooling) may be required.

5.Temperature Control System: The entire cooling and heating process is usually monitored and regulated by a temperature control system. The system includes temperature sensors, controllers, and driving devices for cooling/heating equipment. Sensors monitor the actual temperature of the mold or workpiece, and the controller automatically adjusts parameters such as cooling water volume, water pressure, and cooling medium temperature based on the set temperature curve and feedback signal, ensuring the accuracy and stability of temperature control.

In summary, the cooling, heating, and temperature control system of the forging machine is a key component to ensure the smooth progress of the forging process, improve the quality of forgings, and improve the lifespan of molds. By implementing reasonable cooling and heating strategies, the temperature of molds and workpieces can be effectively controlled, adapting to different material and process requirements, and optimizing production efficiency.

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